ASTM A234 WPB and A106B are the representative material of Carbon Steel Pipe Bend, which is used to change the direction of run pipe fluid. It takes the largest proportion in fittings that are used in piping system, about 80%. It can match long distance transition requirement.

Pipe bend has the same function as pipe elbow. But their bending radius are different. The radius of bend is larger than 1.5D, and could be 2D bends, 2.5D bends, 3D bends, 4D bends, 5D bends, and 10D bends. Pipe elbows have 1D and 1.5D bend radius which mean short radius elbow and long radios elbow.

Carbon Steel Pipe Bend are available in ASTM A234 WPB, WPC, A106B, A860 WPHY 42, WPHY 46, WPHY 52, WPH 60, WPHY 65, WPHY 70. And size is from DN20 to DN1200.

Steel Bend Types

The most common types are 45 degree steel bend, 90 degree steel bend, and 180 degree steel bend.

Carbon Steel Pipe bend includes Seamless and welded pipe bend, high pressure bending. Seamless bends has a variety of types like J-pipe bends, mitered bends, U pipe bends, etc.

Seamless Pipe Bend

It provide dynamic and efficient branch connections in industries operating at relatively higher temperatures. They use seamless pipes or tubes as the starting material and are wrought to get the shape.

Wrought seamless carbon steel pipe bend has good resistance to high temperature and impact, thermal conductivity is also very well.

Welded Pipe Bend

Welded bend is made by a steel plate and has a weld seam on its surface, so it should be take flaw detection. Compared to seamless bend, it is simple to manufacture and easy to mechanize and automate. It has low cost, high precision and good comprehensive performance.

U Bend

U bend can be shaped by cold bending and hot bending. Generally, medium and small diameter of U bending are cold bend, and large diameter U bending is hot bending.

It is frequently applied in heat exchanger, condensers and pre-heaters in oil and gas plants, chemical and petrochemical plants, refineries, power plants and renewable energy plants fields

Test for U bending : Hydro static Test, Air Underwater Test, Pulsating Pressure Test, Dye Penetrate Test and Magnetosphere test.

The common material is ASTM A105 U Bend, A192 U Bend, SS316 U Bend.

U Bend

What is ASTM A234

This specification covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction. These fittings are used in pressure piping and pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures. The standard is ASME B16.9. Butt Weld Fittings shall be subjected to tension test, hardness test, and hydrostatic test. This specification does not cover cast welding fittings or fittings machined from castings.

ASME B16.9 Butt Weld Fittings

Butt Weld Fittings consist of Pipe Bend, Pipe Elbow, Concentric Reducer and Eccentric Reducer, Pipe Cap, Equal Tee and Reducing Tee.

ASME/ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Fittings have large diameter and schedule range, while the diameter of ASME B16.11 Socket Weld Fittings are below 4 inch. And B16.9 fittings can offer a stable connection and add strength to pipe systems.

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