ASTM A105 Weld Neck Flange is also known as a High-hub Flange and Tapered Hub Flange. It is the most common type of high pressure flanges.

The size of weld neck flanges bore are machined with the diameter of pipe or pipe fittings. Hence it is important to specify the pipe schedule while buying flanges. It is welded to pipe with full penetration weld. It provides excellent stress distribution through tapered neck. This creates a smooth transition and prevents turbulence at the welding neck.

Weld Neck Flange Types

Regular Weld Neck Flange

Long Weld Neck Flange

There are regular weld neck flanges and long weld neck flanges. The regular type is used with pipes. The long type is used in process plant.

Both of them provide reinforcement in high pressure and extreme temperature changes applications. It also helps in low cycle fatigue caused by line expansion of other variable forces.

Pipe Flange Seal Type

Pipe Flanges are typically provided with a Raised Face (RF), Flat Face (FF), or Ring Type Joint Facing (RTJ).

Raised Face Weld Neck Flange (RFWN Flange) are one of the most commonly used flange in the piping industry. They are easy to recognize with their long tapered hub that is matched to the wall thickness (bore) of the pipe.

When a raised face is necessary, the standard height is 1/16″while flanges pressure is below 400#. Above 400# flanges, the standard height is 1/4″.

Flange Dimension

Flange Dimension

Applications of ASME B16.5 Weld Neck Flange

ASME B16.5 Weld Neck Flange are suitable in high pressure, extreme temperatures, shear impact and vibratory stresses area.

What is ASME B16.5

ASME B16.5 is American pipe flange standard. It is limited to flanges and flanged fittings made from cast or forged materials, blind flanges and certain reducing flanges made from cast, forged, or plate materials. Flange Bolting, Flange Gaskets, and Flange Joints are also included in this standard.

ASME B16.5 Flanges

ASTM A105 Flanges include Weld Neck Flange, Slip-on Flange, Socket Weld Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Spectacle Flange,Lap-Joint Flange, Reducing Flange,Groove Flange, Tongue Flange in carbon steel, alloy steel and stainless steel. The mostly common is A with good performance and price. The heat treatment is normalizing at 1550 to 1770 F.

ASTM A105 Chemical Composition, %

ASTM A105 Mechanical Properties

A105N Flanges Heat Treatment

It can be performed includes normalizing, quenching, tempering, stress-relieving, soft annealing, normalizing and tempering, and isothermal annealing.

1. Annealing: The purpose is to get an organization that is close to balanced state. Its Cooling rate is slow.
2. Stress-relieving: Eliminate the stress generated during processing and improve the crack resistance and toughness of the weld. It has integrated post-weld heat treatment and partial post-weld heat treatment two types.
3. Normalizing: Cooling rate is faster than annealing. The strength, hardness and toughness of fittings after normalizing are higher than annealing.
4. Quenching: Austenite can be transformed into Martensite during this processing. Martensitic workpieces have high hardness, but have poor toughness, and large internal stress. They are prone to cracks.
5. Tempering: Its purpose is to reduce the stress of the material and improve the toughness.

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ASTM A182 F316 Threaded Flange is manufactured according to ASME B16.5 standard and typically used in many industries like oil and gas.

Threaded Flange connects with Pipes, Valves, pumps and other equipment to form a piping system. It provides easy access for cleaning, inspection or modification. Flanged joints are made by bolting together two flanges with a Gasket between them to provide a seal.

ASME B16.5 Flange Dimension

What is the relation between Pressure and Sealing

1. RF threaded flange, 1/16 inch for 150lb and 300lb, 1/4 inch for 600lb and more.
2. FF threaded flange, for 150lb and 300lb only
3. RTJ threaded flange, covers all flange pressure ratings.

Stainless Steel Material for Flanges

SS316 is an Austenitic Cr-Ni stainless steel second only to F304 in commercial importance. It contains Molybdenum that gives  corrosion resistance, particularly pitting and crevice corrosion in Chloride environments. Stainless Steel Threaded Flange suits for all applications where requires corrosion resistance improvement .

So A182 F316 Threaded Flange has longer service life than other materials and they have smooth surface and beautiful appearance.

SS304/304L Flanges is another A182 stainless steel flange and manufactured according to ASME B16.5

A182 F316 Threaded Flange

A182 F316 Chemical composition %

A182 F316 Mechanical Property

Benefits and Drawbacks of A182 F316 Threaded Flange

Unlike welding flange, threaded flange serves small diameter pipe system more often. It has the advantages of easy installation and maintenance and suitable for somewhere can’t welding.

For alloy steel flanges which are not easy to weld or have poor welding performance, thread is the best choice.

Furthermore, when the stainless steel flange is welded, the carbon will be separated out by repeated heating. As the result, it improves the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

But in the conditions that pipe temperature changes sharply or temperature higher than 260 ℃ or below – 45 ℃, it is not your first choice for leakage proof.

Consider the structural characteristics of the threaded flange, it is not suitable for flammable, explosive and highly hazardous situations.  In contrast, it is safe to apply to low pressure pipe system, such as air conditioning water system.

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